The following is a list of food additives as organized by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The International Numbering System numbers below (INS #) are assigned by the committee to identify each food additive. The INS numbers generally correspond to E numbers for the same compound – e.g. INS 102, Tartrazine, is also E-102. INS numbers are not unique and, in fact, one number may be assigned to a group of like compounds.
On packaging in the European Union, approved food additives are written with a prefix of 'E'. Australia and New Zealand do not use a prefix letter when listing additives in the ingredients.
In the table below, food additives approved for Europe are listed with an 'E',[1] and those approved for Australia and New Zealand with an 'A'.[2][3] and for the USA with a U, even though the US does not use the INS numbering system.
| INS # | Approvals | Names | Type | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||
| 100 | A | E | U | turmeric, curcumin | colour (yellow and orange) | |
| 101 | A | E | riboflavin (vitamin B2) | colour (yellow and orange) | ||
| 102 | A | E | tartrazine | colour (yellow and orange) (FDA: FD&C Yellow #5) | ||
| 103 | A | alkannin, chrysoine resorcinol | colour (red) | |||
| 104 | A | E | Quinoline Yellow WS | colour (yellow and orange) (FDA: D&C Yellow #10) | ||
| 107 | E | Yellow 2G | colour (yellow and orange) | |||
| 110 | A | E | Sunset Yellow FCF | colour (yellow and orange) (FDA: FD&C Yellow #6) | ||
| 111 | ? | E | Orange GGN | colour (orange) | ||
| 120 | A | E | Cochineal, carmines | colour (red) | ||
| 121 | Citrus red 2, Orcein, Orchil | colour (red) | ||||
| 122 | A | E | azorubine, carmoisine | colour (red) (FDA: Ext D&C Red #10) | ||
| 123 | E | amaranth | colour (red) (FDA: [DELISTED] Red #2) | |||
| 124 | A | E | Brilliant Scarlet 4R, Ponceau 4R | colour (FDA: Ext D&C Red #8) | ||
| 125 | Ponceau SX, Scarlet GN | colour | ||||
| 126 | Ponceau 6R | colour | ||||
| 127 | E | erythrosine | colour (red) (FDA: FD&C Red #3) | |||
| 128 | E | Red 2G | colour | |||
| 129 | A | E | Allura red AC | colour (FDA: FD&C Red #40) | ||
| 130 | Indanthrene blue RS | colour (blue) | ||||
| 131 | E | Patent blue V | colour (blue) | |||
| 132 | A | E | indigo carmine, indigotine | colour (blue) (FDA: FD&C Blue #2) | ||
| 133 | A | E | Brilliant blue FCF | colour (FDA: FD&C Blue #1) | ||
| 140 | A | E | chlorophylls and chlorophyllins | colour (green) | ||
| 141 | A | E | copper complexes of chlorophylls | colour (green) | ||
| 142 | A | E | Green S | colour (green) | ||
| 143 | A | E | Fast green FCF | colour (FDA: FD&C Green #3) | ||
| 150a | A | E | caramel I – plain | colour (brown and black) | ||
| 150b | A | E | caramel II – caustic sulfite process | colour (brown and black) | ||
| 150c | A | E | caramel III – ammonia process | colour (brown and black) | ||
| 150d | A | E | caramel IV – ammonia sulfite process | colour (brown and black) | ||
| 151 | A | E | Black PN, Brilliant Black BN | colour (brown and black) | ||
| 152 | ? | ? | Black 7984 | colour (brown and black) | ||
| 153 | A | E | Vegetable carbon, carbon black | colour (brown and black) | ||
| 154 | E | Brown FK | colour (brown and black) | |||
| 155 | A | E | Chocolate Brown HT | colour | ||
| 160a | A | E | carotenes – alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, gamma-carotene | colour | ||
| 160b | E | annatto, bixin, norbixin | colour | |||
| 160c | A | E | paprika extract, capsanthin, capsorubin | colour | ||
| 160d | A | E | lycopene | colour | ||
| 160e | A | E | beta-apo-8'-carotenal (C 30) | colour | ||
| 160f | A | E | beta-apo-8'-carotenic acid ethyl ester | colour | ||
| 161a | A | flavoxanthin | colour | |||
| 161b | A | E | lutein | colour | ||
| 161c | A | cryptoxanthin | colour | |||
| 161d | A | rubixanthin | colour | |||
| 161e | A | violaxanthin | colour | |||
| 161f | A | rhodoxanthin | colour | |||
| 161g | E | canthaxanthin | colour | |||
| 161h | ? | ? | zeaxanthin | colour | ||
| 161i | ? | ? | citranaxanthin | colour | ||
| 161j | ? | ? | astaxanthin | colour | ||
| 162 | A | E | beet red, beetroot red, betanin | colour | ||
| 163 | A | E | anthocyanins | colour | ||
| 164 | A | Saffron, crocetin and crocin | ||||
| 165 | gardenia blue | colour | ||||
| 166 | sandalwood | colour | ||||
| 170 | E | calcium carbonates, chalk | colour (white), anticaking agent, stabiliser | |||
| 171 | A | E | titanium dioxide | colour (white) | ||
| 172 | A | E | iron oxides and hydroxides | colour | ||
| 173 | E | aluminium | colour (silver) | |||
| 174 | E | silver | colour (silver) | |||
| 175 | E | gold | colour (gold) | |||
| 180 | E | litholrubine, Lithol Rubine BK, Pigment Rubine, latolrubine | colour | |||
| 181 | E | tannins | colour, emulsifier, stabiliser, thickener | |||
| 182 | orchil | colour | ||||
| 200 | E | sorbic acid | preservative | |||
| 201 | sodium sorbate | preservative | ||||
| 202 | E | potassium sorbate | preservative | |||
| 203 | E | calcium sorbate | preservative | |||
| 209 | heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate | preservative | ||||
| 210 | E | benzoic acid | preservative | |||
| 211 | A | E | sodium benzoate | preservative | ||
| 212 | A | E | potassium benzoate | preservative | ||
| 213 | A | E | calcium benzoate | preservative | ||
| 214 | E | ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate | preservative | |||
| 215 | E | sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate | preservative | |||
| 216 | A | propylparaben (propyl para-hydroxybenzoate) | preservative | |||
| 217 | sodium propyl para-hydroxybenzoate | preservative | ||||
| 218 | A | E | methylparaben (methyl para-hydroxybenzoate) | preservative | ||
| 219 | E | sodium methyl para-hydroxybenzoate | preservative | |||
| 220 | A | E | sulfur dioxide | preservative, antioxidant | ||
| 221 | A | E | sodium sulfite | preservative, antioxidant | ||
| 222 | A | E | sodium bisulfite (sodium hydrogen sulfite) | preservative, antioxidant | ||
| 223 | A | E | sodium metabisulfite | preservative, antioxidant, bleaching agent | ||
| 224 | A | E | potassium metabisulfite | preservative, antioxidant | ||
| 225 | A | potassium sulfite, sodium sulfite | preservative, antioxidant | |||
| 226 | E | calcium sulfite | preservative, antioxidant | |||
| 227 | E | calcium bisulfite, calcium hydrogen sulfite | preservative, antioxidant | |||
| 228 | A | E | potassium bisulfite, potassium hydrogen sulfite | preservative, antioxidant | ||
| 230 | E | biphenyl, diphenyl | preservative | |||
| 231 | E | orthophenyl phenol, 2-hydroxybiphenyl | preservative | |||
| 232 | E | sodium orthophenyl phenol | preservative | |||
| 233 | thiabendazole | preservative | ||||
| 234 | A | E | nisin | preservative | ||
| 235 | A | E | pimaricin, natamycin | preservative | ||
| 236 | formic acid | preservative | ||||
| 237 | sodium formate | preservative | ||||
| 238 | calcium formate | preservative | ||||
| 239 | E | hexamine (hexamethylene tetramine) | preservative | |||
| 240 | formaldehyde | preservative | ||||
| 241 | gum guaicum | preservative | ||||
| 242 | A | E | dimethyl dicarbonate | preservative | ||
| 249 | A | E | potassium nitrite | preservative, colour fixative | ||
| 250 | A | E | sodium nitrite | preservative, colour fixative | ||
| 251 | A | E | sodium nitrate | preservative, colour fixative | ||
| 252 | A | potassium nitrate | preservative, colour fixative | |||
| 260 | A | E | glacial acetic acid | preservative, acidity regulator | ||
| 261 | A | E | potassium acetates | preservative, acidity regulator | ||
| 262 | A | E | sodium acetate, sodium hydrogen acetate | preservative, acidity regulator | ||
| 263 | A | E | calcium acetate | preservative, acidity regulator | ||
| 264 | A | ammonium acetate | preservative, acidity regulator | |||
| 265 | dehydroacetic acid | preservative | ||||
| 266 | sodium dehydroacetate | preservative | ||||
| 270 | A | E | lactic acid | acidity regulator, preservative, antioxidant | ||
| 280 | A | E | propionic acid | preservative | ||
| 281 | A | E | sodium propionate | preservative | ||
| 282 | A | E | calcium propionate | preservative | ||
| 283 | A | E | potassium propionate | preservative | ||
| 284 | E | boric acid | preservative | |||
| 285 | E | sodium tetraborate, borax | preservative | |||
| 290 | A | E | carbon dioxide | acidity regulator, propellant | ||
| 296 | A | E | malic acid | acidity regulator | ||
| 297 | A | E | fumaric acid | acidity regulator | ||
| 300 | A | E | ascorbic acid | antioxidant (water soluble) | ||
| 301 | A | E | sodium ascorbate | antioxidant (water soluble) | ||
| 302 | A | E | calcium ascorbate | antioxidant (water soluble) | ||
| 303 | A | potassium ascorbate | antioxidant (water soluble) | |||
| 304 | A | E | ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl stearate | antioxidant (fat soluble) | ||
| 306 | A | E | tocopherol concentrate (natural) | antioxidant | ||
| 307 | A | E | dl-alpha-tocopherol (synthetic) | antioxidant | ||
| 308 | A | E | gamma-tocopherol(synthetic) | antioxidant | ||
| 309 | A | E | delta-tocopherol(synthetic) | antioxidant | ||
| 310 | A | E | propyl gallate | antioxidant | ||
| 311 | A | E | octyl gallate | antioxidant | ||
| 312 | A | E | dodecyl gallate | antioxidant | ||
| 315 | A | E | erythorbic acid | antioxidant | ||
| 316 | A | E | sodium erythorbate | antioxidant | ||
| 317 | ? | ? | erythorbin acid | antioxidant | ||
| 318 | ? | ? | sodium erythorbin | antioxidant | ||
| 319 | A | tert-butylhydroquinone | antioxidant | |||
| 320 | A | E | butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) | antioxidant (fat soluble) | ||
| 321 | A | E | butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) | antioxidant (fat soluble) | ||
| 322 | A | E | lecithins | antioxidant, emulsifier | ||
| 325 | A | E | sodium lactate | food acid | ||
| 326 | A | E | potassium lactate | food acid | ||
| 327 | A | E | calcium lactate | food acid | ||
| 328 | A | ammonium lactate | food acid | |||
| 329 | A | magnesium lactate | food acid | |||
| 330 | A | E | citric acid | food acid | ||
| 331 | A | E | sodium citrates | food acid | ||
| 332 | A | E | potassium citrates | food acid | ||
| 333 | A | E | calcium citrates | food acid, firming agent | ||
| 334 | A | E | L(+)-tartaric acid | food acid | ||
| 335 | A | E | sodium tartrates | food acid | ||
| 336 | A | E | potassium tartrates | food acid | ||
| 337 | A | E | potassium sodium tartrate | food acid | ||
| 338 | A | E | phosphoric acid | food acid | ||
| 339 | A | E | sodium phosphates | mineral salt | ||
| 340 | A | E | potassium phosphates | mineral salt | ||
| 341 | A | E | calcium phosphates | mineral salt, anti-caking agent, firming agent | ||
| 342 | A | ammonium phosphates | mineral salt | |||
| 343 | A | E | magnesium phosphates | mineral salt, anti-caking agent | ||
| 344 | lecithin citrate | preservative | ||||
| 345 | magnesium citrate | acidity regulator | ||||
| 349 | A | ammonium malate | food acid | |||
| 350 | A | E | sodium malates | food acid | ||
| 351 | A | E | potassium malate | food acid | ||
| 352 | A | E | calcium malates | food acid | ||
| 353 | A | E | metatartaric acid | food acid, emulsifier | ||
| 354 | A | E | calcium tartrate | food acid, emulsifier | ||
| 355 | A | E | adipic acid | food acid | ||
| 356 | E | sodium adipate | food acid | |||
| 357 | A | E | potassium adipate | food acid | ||
| 359 | ammonium adipates | acidity regulator | ||||
| 363 | E | succinic acid | food acid | |||
| 364 | sodium succinates | acidity regulator, flavour enhancer | ||||
| 365 | A | sodium fumarate | food acid | |||
| 366 | A | potassium fumarate | food acid | |||
| 367 | A | calcium fumarate | food acid | |||
| 368 | A | ammonium fumarate | food acid | |||
| 370 | 1,4-heptonolactone | food acid | ||||
| 375 | A | niacin (nicotinic acid), nicotinamide (vitamin B3) | colour retention agent | |||
| 380 | A | E | triammonium citrate | food acid | ||
| 381 | A | ferric ammonium citrate, ammonium ferrocitrate | food acid | |||
| 384 | isopropyl citrates | antioxidant, preservative | ||||
| 385 | A | E | calcium disodium EDTA | preservative | ||
| 386 | disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate | antioxidant, preservative | ||||
| 387 | oxystearin | antioxidant, sequestrant | ||||
| 388 | thiodipropionic acid | antioxidant | ||||
| 389 | dilauryl thiodipropionate | antioxidant | ||||
| 390 | distearyl thiodipropionate | antioxidant | ||||
| 391 | phytic acid | preservative | ||||
| 399 | calcium lactobionate | stabilizer | ||||
| 400 | A | E | alginic acid | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier | ||
| 401 | A | E | sodium alginate | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier | ||
| 402 | A | E | potassium alginate | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier | ||
| 403 | A | E | ammonium alginate | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier | ||
| 404 | A | E | calcium alginate | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier | ||
| 405 | A | E | propylene glycol alginate, propane-1,2-diol alginate | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, emulsifier | ||
| 406 | A | E | agar | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent | ||
| 407 | A | E | carrageenan | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier | ||
| 407a | A | E | processed eucheuma seaweed | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier | ||
| 409 | A | arabinogalactan | thickener, vegetable gum | |||
| 410 | A | E | locust bean gum | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier | ||
| 412 | A | E | guar gum | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer | ||
| 413 | A | E | tragacanth | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, emulsifier | ||
| 414 | A | E | gum acacia, gum arabic | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, emulsifier | ||
| 415 | A | E | xanthan gum | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer | ||
| 416 | A | E | karaya gum | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, emulsifier | ||
| 417 | E | tara gum | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer | |||
| 418 | A | E | gellan gum | thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, emulsifier | ||
| 420 | A | E | sorbitol | humectant, emulsifier, sweetener | ||
| 421 | A | E | mannitol | humectant, anti-caking agent, sweetener | ||
| 422 | A | E | glycerin | humectant, sweetener | ||
| 425 | E | konjac, konjac gum, konjac glucomannate | thickener, vegetable gum | |||
| 430 | ? | polyoxyethylene (8) stearate | emulsifier, stabilizer | |||
| 431 | E | polyoxyethylene (40) stearate | emulsifier | |||
| 432 | E | polysorbate 20 | emulsifier | |||
| 433 | A | E | polysorbate 80 | emulsifier | ||
| 434 | E | polysorbate 40 | emulsifier | |||
| 435 | A | E | polysorbate 60 | emulsifier | ||
| 436 | A | E | polysorbate 65 | emulsifier | ||
| 440 | A | E | pectin | vegetable gum, emulsifier | ||
| 441 | A | E | gelatine (not classified as an additive) | gelling agent, emulsifier | ||
| 442 | A | E | ammonium phosphatides | emulsifier | ||
| 443 | ? | brominated vegetable oil | emulsifier, stabiliser | |||
| 444 | A | E | sucrose acetate isobutyrate | emulsifier, stabiliser | ||
| 445 | E | glycerol esters of wood rosins | emulsifier | |||
| 450 | A | E | diphosphates | mineral salt, emulsifier | ||
| 451 | A | E | triphosphates | mineral salt, emulsifier | ||
| 452 | A | E | polyphosphates | mineral salt, emulsifier | ||
| 459 | E | beta-cyclodextrin | emulsifier | |||
| 460 | A | E | powdered cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose | anti-caking agent | ||
| 461 | A | E | methylcellulose | thickener, emulsifier, vegetable gum | ||
| 463 | E | hydroxypropyl cellulose | thickener, vegetable gum, emulsifier | |||
| 464 | A | E | hydroxypropyl methylcellulose | thickener, vegetable gum, emulsifier | ||
| 465 | A | E | methyl ethyl cellulose, ethyl methyl cellulose | thickener, vegetable gum, emulsifier | ||
| 466 | A | E | sodium carboxymethylcellulose | emulsifier | ||
| 468 | crosslinked sodium carboxymethylcellulose | emulsifier | ||||
| 469 | enzymatically hydrolyzed carboxymethyl cellulose | emulsifier | ||||
| 470 | A | magnesium stearate | emulsifier, stabiliser | |||
| 470a | E | sodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids | emulsifier, stabiliser, anti-caking agent | |||
| 470b | E | magnesium salts of fatty acids | emulsifier, stabiliser, anti-caking agent | |||
| 471 | A | E | mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids – glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl distearate | emulsifier | ||
| 472a | A | E | acetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | ||
| 472b | A | E | lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | ||
| 472c | A | E | citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | ||
| 472d | A | E | tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | ||
| 472e | A | E | diacetyltartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | ||
| 472f | E | mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | |||
| 473 | A | E | sucrose esters of fatty acids | emulsifier | ||
| 474 | E | sucroglycerides | emulsifier | |||
| 475 | A | E | polyglycerol esters of fatty acids | emulsifier | ||
| 476 | A | E | polyglycerol polyricinoleate | emulsifier | ||
| 477 | A | E | propylene glycol esters of fatty acids | emulsifier | ||
| 478 | ? | ? | lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol | emulsifier | ||
| 479b | E | thermally oxidised soya bean oil | emulsifier | |||
| 480 | A | dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate | emulsifier | |||
| 481 | A | E | sodium stearoyl lactylate | emulsifier | ||
| 482 | A | E | calcium stearoyl lactylate | emulsifier | ||
| 483 | E | stearyl tartarate | emulsifier | |||
| 491 | A | E | sorbitan monostearate | emulsifier | ||
| 492 | A | E | sorbitan tristearate | emulsifier | ||
| 493 | sorbitan monolaurate | emulsifier | ||||
| 494 | E | sorbitan monooleate | emulsifier | |||
| 495 | E | sorbitan monopalmitate | emulsifier | |||
| 500 | A | E | sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate (E500ii) | mineral salt | ||
| 501 | A | E | potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate | mineral salt | ||
| 503 | A | E | ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate | mineral salt | ||
| 504 | A | E | magnesium carbonate | anti-caking agent, mineral salt | ||
| 507 | A | E | hydrochloric acid | acidity regulator | ||
| 508 | A | E | potassium chloride | mineral salt | ||
| 509 | A | E | calcium chloride | mineral salt | ||
| 510 | A | ammonium chloride | mineral salt | |||
| 511 | A | E | magnesium chloride | mineral salt | ||
| 512 | A | E | stannous chloride | colour retention agent, antioxidant | ||
| 513 | E | sulfuric acid | acidity regulator | |||
| 514 | A | E | sodium sulfate | mineral salt | ||
| 515 | A | E | potassium sulfate | mineral salt, seasoning | ||
| 516 | A | E | calcium sulfate | flour treatment agent, mineral salt, sequestrant, improving agent, firming agent | ||
| 517 | E | ammonium sulfate | mineral salt, improving agent | |||
| 518 | A | magnesium sulfate, Epsom salts | mineral salt, acidity regulator, firming agent | |||
| 519 | A | cupric sulfate | mineral salt | |||
| 520 | E | aluminium sulfate | mineral salt | |||
| 521 | E | aluminium sodium sulfate | mineral salt | |||
| 522 | E | aluminium potassium sulfate | mineral salt | |||
| 523 | E | aluminium ammonium sulfate | mineral salt | |||
| 524 | E | sodium hydroxide | mineral salt | |||
| 525 | E | potassium hydroxide | mineral salt | |||
| 526 | A | E | calcium hydroxide | mineral salt | ||
| 527 | E | ammonium hydroxide | mineral salt | |||
| 528 | E | magnesium hydroxide | mineral salt | |||
| 529 | A | E | calcium oxide | mineral salt | ||
| 530 | E | magnesium oxide | anti-caking agent | |||
| 535 | A | E | sodium ferrocyanide | anti-caking agent | ||
| 536 | A | E | potassium ferrocyanide | anti-caking agent | ||
| 538 | E | calcium ferrocyanide | anti-caking agent | |||
| 540 | dicalcium diphosphate | anti-caking agent | ||||
| 541 | A | E | sodium aluminium phosphate | acidity regulator, emulsifier | ||
| 542 | A | bone phosphate | anti-caking agent | |||
| 544 | calcium polyphosphates | anti-caking agent | ||||
| 545 | ammonium polyphosphates | anti-caking agent | ||||
| 551 | A | E | silicon dioxide | anti-caking agent | ||
| 552 | A | E | calcium silicate | anti-caking agent | ||
| 553a | E | magnesium silicate | anti-caking agent | |||
| 553b | A | E | talc | anti-caking agent | ||
| 554 | A | E | sodium aluminosilicate (sodium aluminium silicate) | anti-caking agent | ||
| 555 | E | potassium aluminium silicate | anti-caking agent | |||
| 556 | A | E | calcium aluminosilicate (calcium aluminium silicate) | anti-caking agent | ||
| 558 | A | E | bentonite | anti-caking agent | ||
| 559 | A | E | kaolin, aluminium silicate | anti-caking agent | ||
| 570 | A | E | stearic acid | anti-caking agent | ||
| 575 | A | E | glucono delta-lactone | acidity regulator | ||
| 576 | E | sodium gluconate | stabiliser | |||
| 577 | A | E | potassium gluconate | stabiliser | ||
| 578 | A | E | calcium gluconate | acidity regulator | ||
| 579 | A | E | ferrous gluconate | colour retention agent | ||
| 585 | E | ferrous lactate | ||||
| 620 | A | E | glutamic acid | flavour enhancer | ||
| 621 | A | E | monosodium glutamate (MSG) | flavour enhancer | ||
| 622 | A | E | monopotassium glutamate | flavour enhancer | ||
| 623 | A | E | calcium diglutamate | flavour enhancer | ||
| 624 | A | E | monoammonium glutamate | flavour enhancer | ||
| 625 | A | E | magnesium diglutamate | flavour enhancer | ||
| 626 | guanylic acid | flavour enhancer | ||||
| 627 | A | E | disodium guanylate | flavour enhancer | ||
| 628 | E | dipotassium guanylate | flavour enhancer | |||
| 629 | E | calcium guanylate | flavour enhancer | |||
| 630 | E | inosinic acid | flavour enhancer | |||
| 631 | A | E | disodium inosinate | flavour enhancer | ||
| 632 | E | dipotassium inosinate | flavour enhancer | |||
| 633 | E | calcium inosinate | flavour enhancer | |||
| 634 | E | calcium 5'-ribonucleotides | flavour enhancer | |||
| 635 | A | E | disodium 5'-ribonucleotides | flavour enhancer | ||
| 636 | A | maltol | flavour enhancer | |||
| 637 | A | ethyl maltol | flavour enhancer | |||
| 640 | A | E | glycine | flavour enhancer | ||
| 641 | A | leucine | flavour enhancer | |||
| 650 | E | zinc acetate | flavour enhancer | |||
| 900 | A | E | dimethylpolysiloxane | emulsifier, anti-caking agent | ||
| 901 | A | E | beeswax | glazing agent | ||
| 902 | E | candelilla wax | glazing agent | |||
| 903 | A | E | carnauba wax | glazing agent | ||
| 904 | A | E | shellac | glazing agent | ||
| 905 | A | E | paraffins | glazing agent | ||
| 907 | refined microcrystalline wax | glazing agent | ||||
| 912 | E | montanic acid esters | humectant | |||
| 914 | A | E | oxidised polyethylene wax | humectant | ||
| 920 | A | E | L-cysteine | flour treatment agent | ||
| 924 | potassium bromate | flour treatment agent | ||||
| 925 | A | chlorine | flour treatment agent | |||
| 926 | A | chlorine dioxide | flour treatment agent | |||
| 927b | E | carbamide | flour treatment agent | |||
| 928 | A | benzoyl peroxide | flour treatment agent | |||
| 938 | E | argon | propellant | |||
| 939 | E | helium | propellant | |||
| 941 | A | E | nitrogen | propellant | ||
| 942 | A | E | nitrous oxide | propellant | ||
| 943a | E | butane | propellant | |||
| 943b | E | isobutane | propellant | |||
| 950 | A | E | Acesulfame potassium | artificial sweetener | ||
| 951 | A | E | aspartame | artificial sweetener | ||
| 952 | A | E | cyclamic acid, cyclamates | artificial sweetener | ||
| 953 | A | E | isomalt | humectant | ||
| 954 | A | E | saccharin | artificial sweetener | ||
| 955 | A | sucralose | artificial sweetener | |||
| 956 | A | alitame | artificial sweetener | |||
| 957 | A | E | thaumatin | flavour enhancer, artificial sweetener | ||
| 959 | E | neohesperidin dihydrochalcone | artificial sweetener | |||
| 965 | A | E | maltitol | humectant, stabiliser | ||
| 966 | A | E | lactitol | humectant | ||
| 967 | A | E | xylitol | humectant, stabiliser | ||
| 999 | E | quillaia extract | humectant | |||
| 1001 | A | choline salts and esters | emulsifier | |||
| 1100 | A | amylases | flour treatment agent | |||
| 1102 | A | glucose oxidase | antioxidant | |||
| 1103 | E | invertase | ? | |||
| 1104 | A | lipases | flavour enhancer | |||
| 1105 | A | E | lysozyme | preservative | ||
| 1200 | A | E | polydextrose | humectant | ||
| 1201 | A | E | poly vinyl pyrrolidone | ? | ||
| 1202 | A | E | polyvinylpolypyrrolidone | colour stabiliser | ||
| 1400 | A | dextrin roasted starch | thickener, vegetable gum | |||
| 1401 | A | acid treated starch | thickener, vegetable gum | |||
| 1402 | A | alkaline treated starch | thickener, vegetable gum | |||
| 1403 | A | bleached starch | thickener, vegetable gum | |||
| 1404 | A | E | oxidised starch | thickener, vegetable gum | ||
| 1405 | A | enzyme treated starch | thickener, vegetable gum | |||
| 1410 | A | E | monostarch phosphate | thickener, vegetable gum | ||
| 1412 | A | E | distarch phosphate | thickener, vegetable gum | ||
| 1413 | A | E | phosphated distarch phosphate | thickener, vegetable gum | ||
| 1414 | A | E | acetylated distarch phosphate | thickener, vegetable gum | ||
| 1420 | A | E | acetylated starch | thickener, vegetable gum | ||
| 1422 | A | E | acetylated distarch adipate | thickener, vegetable gum | ||
| 1440 | A | E | hydroxypropyl starch | thickener, vegetable gum | ||
| 1442 | A | E | hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate | thickener, vegetable gum | ||
| 1450 | A | E | starch sodium octenylsuccinate | thickener, vegetable gum | ||
| 1451 | E | acetylated oxidised starch | thickener, vegetable gum | |||
| 1505 | A | E | triethyl citrate | thickener, vegetable gum | ||
| 1510 | ethanol (not classified as an additive) | alcohol | ||||
| 1518 | A | E | triacetin | humectant | ||
| 1520 | A | E | propylene glycol | humectant | ||
| 1521 | A | Polyethylene glycol | antifoaming agent | |||